Matn Qatr Nada

• 38 undated
• 1 with a year outside 600 to 2030 (not placed)
• 0 of 76 with a digitised copy at the holding institution

Dated copies by century CE

• 16th century 6
• 17th century 21
• 18th century 5
• 19th century 5

Holding institutions

• Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München Deutschland 8
• Mamma Haidara Library Mali 7
• Ordre Basilien Alepin Lebanon 5
• Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz Deutschland 5
• Universiteitsbibliotheek Leiden 5
• Oxford University United Kingdom 4
• Cambridge University United Kingdom 3
• Alpha Mahamane Family Library Mali 2
• Attaher Mouaz Family Library Mali 2
• Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München 2
• Forschungsbibliothek Gotha Deutschland 2
• Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen Deutschland 2
• Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz 2
• University of Birmingham United Kingdom 2
• Université Saint-Joseph. Bibliothèque orientale Lebanon 2
• Āl Budayrī Jerusalem 2
• Bibliothèque al-Cady al-Aqib Mali 1
• Bibliothèque de Manuscrits al-Imam Essayouti Mali 1
• Isʻāf Nashāshibī Center for Culture and Literature Jerusalem 1
• Jāmiʻ Shahārah Yemen 1
• Khalidi Library (Jerusalem) Jerusalem 1
• Lebanese Maronite Order Lebanon 1
• Maktabat Aḥmad al-Maqḥafī Yemen 1
• Mogaz Anouwaye Family Library Mali 1
• Mohamed Alhanafi Family Library Mali 1
• Ordre Basilien Choueirite Lebanon 1
• Raja of Mahmudabad Palace Library India 1
• Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland UK 1
• School of Oriental and African Studies United Kingdom 1
• Sherif Harar City Museum Ethiopia 1
• Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky Deutschland 1
• Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt Halle 1
• Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln 1
• Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig 1
• Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig Deutschland 1
• Wellcome Trust UK 1
• al-Zāwiyah al-Uzbakīyah Jerusalem 1

Catalogues

• Fihrist 12
• HMML (vHMML Reading Room) 33
• Qalamos 31

Assigned positions

• assignment · Cambridge University, United Kingdom · Add. 1093
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card for admissions procedures contact Cambridge University Library Admissions ). Contact near_eastern@lib.cam.ac.uk for further information on the availability of this manuscript
• assignment · Cambridge University, United Kingdom · Or. 2 · 1203 (1788 CE)
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card for admissions procedures contact Cambridge University Library Admissions ). Contact near_eastern@lib.cam.ac.uk for further information on the availability of this manuscript
• assignment · Oxford University, United Kingdom · MS. Marsh 20 · 1668 (1668 CE)
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card (for admissions procedures contact Bodleian Admissions ).
• assignment · Oxford University, United Kingdom · MS. Marsh 541
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card (for admissions procedures contact Bodleian Admissions ).
• assignment · Oxford University, United Kingdom · MS. Pococke 150
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card (for admissions procedures contact Bodleian Admissions ).
• assignment · Oxford University, United Kingdom · MS. Pococke 84
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card (for admissions procedures contact Bodleian Admissions ).
• assignment · Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, UK · RAS Arabic 38
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] Visitors are welcome to consult manuscripts in the library by prior appointment. Information on access is available on the library page of the Society's web site at www.royalasiaticsociety.org and appointments can be arranged by e-mailing library@royalasiaticsociety.org
• assignment · University of Birmingham, United Kingdom · Islamic Arabic 1670 · Undated, probably 18th century (1701-1800 CE)
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] We welcome all interested researchers to use the Cadbury Research Library at the University of Birmingham. All researchers need to register for a reader's card on their first visit. For more information visit Registering with Cadbury Research Library . Contact special-collections@bham.ac.uk to check the availability of your chosen item(s).
• assignment · University of Birmingham, United Kingdom · Islamic Arabic 1674 · Dated 1268
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] We welcome all interested researchers to use the Cadbury Research Library at the University of Birmingham. All researchers need to register for a reader's card on their first visit. For more information visit Registering with Cadbury Research Library . Contact special-collections@bham.ac.uk to check the availability of your chosen item(s).
• assignment · Wellcome Trust, UK · MS Arabic 659
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
• assignment · Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München, Deutschland · Cod.arab. 2637 · Ṣafar 885/April-Mai 1480
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig · Cod. Arab. 105 - 2
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz · Hs. or. 1815 - 2
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt Halle · D Arab. Hs. 67 - 2
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · Universiteitsbibliotheek Leiden · Or. 2336b : 3
  Qalamos · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC BY 4.0
• assignment · Universiteitsbibliotheek Leiden · Or. 7072
  Qalamos · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC BY 4.0
• assignment · Universiteitsbibliotheek Leiden · Or. 5700
  Qalamos · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC BY 4.0
• assignment · Universiteitsbibliotheek Leiden · Or. 7206
  Qalamos · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC BY 4.0
• assignment · Universiteitsbibliotheek Leiden · Or. 8237
  Qalamos · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC BY 4.0
• assignment · Mamma Haidara Library, Mali · 15013 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Mohamed Kounta; cataloged by Ali Diakite and Paul Naylor
• assignment · Mamma Haidara Library, Mali · 23017 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Mohamed Kounta; cataloged by Ali Diakite and Paul Naylor
• assignment · Mamma Haidara Library, Mali · 17466 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Mohamed Kounta; cataloged by Ali Diakite and Paul Naylor
• assignment · Mamma Haidara Library, Mali · 17469 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Mohamed Kounta; cataloged by Ali Diakite and Paul Naylor
• assignment · Bibliothèque de Manuscrits al-Imam Essayouti, Mali · 2910 · 18th-20th century (1700-2000 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Initial metadata by Youssouf Traore; cataloged by Ali Diakite and Paul Naylor
• assignment · Bibliothèque al-Cady al-Aqib, Mali · 1657 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Initial metadata by Al Akib Cisse; cataloged by Ali Diakite and Paul Naylor
• assignment · Mamma Haidara Library, Mali · 13398 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Mohamed Kounta; cataloged by Ali Diakite and Paul Naylor
• assignment · Mamma Haidara Library, Mali · 9544 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Mohamed Toure; cataloged by Ali Diakite and Paul Naylor
• assignment · Attaher Mouaz Family Library, Mali · 10285 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Toure Mohamed
• assignment · Attaher Mouaz Family Library, Mali · 29260 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Toure Mohamed
• assignment · Mogaz Anouwaye Family Library, Mali · 15158 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Kounta Mohamed
• assignment · Mamma Haidara Library, Mali · 38509 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Toure Mohamed
• assignment · Mohamed Alhanafi Family Library, Mali · 10983 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Wafa Cisse
• assignment · Alpha Mahamane Family Library, Mali · 1626 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Kounta Mohamed
• assignment · Alpha Mahamane Family Library, Mali · 4451 · 18th-20th century (1700-1950 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: In collaboration with SAVAMA-DCI, Bamako; initial metadata by Kounta Mohamed
• assignment · commentary · Cambridge University, United Kingdom · Add. 3656 · 1231 (1816 CE)
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card for admissions procedures contact Cambridge University Library Admissions ). Contact near_eastern@lib.cam.ac.uk for further information on the availability of this manuscript
• assignment · commentary · School of Oriental and African Studies, United Kingdom · ms. 13234
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [free] Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card for admissions procedures contact SOAS Archives and Special Collections Admissions. Contact docenquiry@soas.ac.uk for further information on the availability of this manuscript.
• assignment · commentary · Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München, Deutschland · Cod.arab. 1905 · Sonntag, 21. Ǧumādā II 1136/18. März 1724
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München, Deutschland · Cod.arab. 2382 · Dienstag, 13. Šaʿbān 1246/Donnerstag (!), 27. Januar 1831
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München, Deutschland · Cod.arab. 2336 · Samstagnachmittag, 24. Ǧumādā II 1113/26. November 1701
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München, Deutschland · Cod.arab. 2330 · Samstag, 7. Ṣafar 1236/Dienstag (!), 14. November 1820
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München, Deutschland · Cod.arab. 2293
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München, Deutschland · Cod.arab. 2155 · 1279/1862-63
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München, Deutschland · Cod.arab. 2120 · 24. Ǧumādā II 1270/24. März 1854
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München · Cod.arab. 2551y - 1
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München · Cod.arab. 1957 - 1
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, Deutschland · Cod. Arab. 113
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, Deutschland · Cod. orient. 444 - 1
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Deutschland · Ms. or. quart. 407 · Ǧumādā I 976/1568
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz · Petermann I 307 - 1
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Deutschland · Wetzstein II 88 · Muḥarram 1269/1852
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Deutschland · Wetzstein II 89 · Muḥarram 1110/1698
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Deutschland · Hs. or. 1727 · f. 117b:1. Ǧumādā II 1241/11. Januar 1826
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Deutschland · Hs. or. 1783 · f. 100b: Montag, 23. Rābiʿ II 1134/Dienstag 10. Februar 1722 (100terZahl unsicher; Loch im Blatt mit Stück Papier überklebt)
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln · 5 P 58 - 1
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Forschungsbibliothek Gotha, Deutschland · Ms. orient. A 328 · Donnerstag, 25. Šawwāl 1100
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Forschungsbibliothek Gotha, Deutschland · Ms. orient. A 329 · Sonntag, Šaʿbān 1092
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, Deutschland · Cod. Ms. arab. 573
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, Deutschland · Cod. Ms. arab. 349 · Ṣafar 1136/November 1723
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
• assignment · commentary · Lebanese Maronite Order, Lebanon · (1600-1700 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Initial metadata by Georges Habchi; cataloged by David Calabro
• assignment · commentary · Ordre Basilien Choueirite, Lebanon · (1800-1900 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Initial metadata by Georges Habchi; cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Āl Budayrī, Jerusalem · MS 512 · (1700-1800 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Isʻāf Nashāshibī Center for Culture and Literature, Jerusalem · MS 108 · (1600-1700 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Jāmiʻ Shahārah, Yemen · (1879 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: The "Zaydi Manuscript Tradition" Project, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton. Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Maktabat Aḥmad al-Maqḥafī, Yemen · (1600-1700 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: The "Zaydi Manuscript Tradition" Project, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton. Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Université Saint-Joseph. Bibliothèque orientale, Lebanon · MS 2/575 · (1693 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Université Saint-Joseph. Bibliothèque orientale, Lebanon · MS 2/932 · (1858 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Ordre Basilien Alepin, Lebanon · MS 1028 · (1700-1800 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Ordre Basilien Alepin, Lebanon · MS 1066 · (1720 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Ordre Basilien Alepin, Lebanon · MS 1067 · (1600-1700 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Ordre Basilien Alepin, Lebanon · MS 1069 · (1600-1700 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Ordre Basilien Alepin, Lebanon · MS 1070 · (1600-1700 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Khalidi Library (Jerusalem), Jerusalem · MS 105 · (1821 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Āl Budayrī, Jerusalem · MS 570 · (1700-1800 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · al-Zāwiyah al-Uzbakīyah, Jerusalem · MS 61 · (1700-1800 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Celeste Gianni
• assignment · commentary · Sherif Harar City Museum, Ethiopia · (1800-1829 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Cataloged by Josh Mugler
• assignment · commentary · Raja of Mahmudabad Palace Library, India · MS 437 · (1812 CE)
  HMML (vHMML Reading Room) · CC BY 4.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: Digitized in collaboration with the Roshan Institute for Persian Studies at the University of Maryland, College Park and the Raja of Mahmudabad family. Cataloged by Jonathan Parkes Allen
• possible assignment · Oxford University, United Kingdom · MS. Arab. e. 214 · 1776 (1776 CE)
  Fihrist · no statement from the source · catalogue record
  Attribution: [restricted] Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card (for admissions procedures contact Bodleian Admissions ).
  reasons: titel_schwach
• possible assignment · Stiftung und Museum Ali Hasjmy, Indonesien · 56/TB/13/YPAH/2005
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
  reasons: titel_schwach
• possible assignment · H. Harun Keuchik Leumik, Indonesien · Hr. 19
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
  reasons: titel_schwach
• possible assignment · Museum Negeri, Banda Aceh, Indonesien · 07_00739 · hari Sabtu, 13 Rajab 1376 H
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
  reasons: titel_schwach
• possible assignment · Museum Negeri, Banda Aceh, Indonesien · 07_01383 · hari Senin, 25 Ramadhan, masa Sultan 'Alauddin Muhammad Syah
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
  reasons: titel_schwach
• possible assignment · Museum Negeri, Banda Aceh, Indonesien · 07_00478
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
  reasons: titel_schwach
• possible assignment · Museum Negeri, Banda Aceh, Indonesien · 07_00593
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
  reasons: titel_schwach
• possible assignment · Museum Negeri, Banda Aceh, Indonesien · 07_01358
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
  reasons: titel_schwach
• possible assignment · Museum Negeri, Banda Aceh, Indonesien · 07_01388
  Qalamos · CC0 1.0 · catalogue record
  Attribution: CC0 1.0
  reasons: titel_schwach